Back on track, preventing radicalization among prison immates

In the special environment of prisons, inmates often face a difficult task of establishing their identity, building a social network and relations. Experience shows that there is a risk that some prison inmates  have a negative influence on others. Thus, persons convicted of terrorism, or who exhibit some other form of extremist behaviour, may influence their fellow inmates adversely, and thereby contribute to the emergence of an extremist environment. With the pilot project  ”Deradicalisation – Back on track” from 2012, the Danish Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration collaborated with the Danish Prison and Probation Service in developing and testing a mentoring scheme that may help to prevent and counteract crime related to extremism, whether it is right-wing, left-wing or religious forms of extremism. The mentoring scheme was specifically targeted at inmates and remand prisoners who are charged with or convicted of terrorism, or whose offence is subject to aggravating circumstances, because of hate crimes motivated by the victim’s ethnicity, political persuasion, sexual orientation or similar. The target group also comprised inmates or remand prisoners who are deemed vulnerable to radicalisation.

The purpose of the mentoring effort

The aim of the mentoring scheme is to help inmates become better at tackling everyday situations, problems and conflicts. The role of the mentor will be to support and strengthen the inmate’s motivation to opt for a lifestyle free of crime, and to build new relations in non-criminal and non-extremist environments. In the course of the mentorship, focus is on involving the inmate’s family and social network outside of prison, giving them an active role, both during remand, during prison sentence and in connection with the inmate’s re-entry into society. In the re-entry phase, the mentor must furthermore assist the mentee in dealing with concrete challenges surrounding the release. This could be by helping the mentee find a place to live, an education or job, and in the form of support to build new social relations.

Training of mentors

An important element in the project is training of the mentors and hereby strengthening their competencies in relation to various dialogue techniques, coaching and conflict management skills. The mentors must possess  the necessary insight and tools for planning and tailoring a mentorship that also accommodates the fact that the mentee is in prison or remanded in custody. To a large extent, the training also focuses on how the mentee’s family and network can be actively involved in the mentorship.

Organisation of the project and the mentoring scheme

The mentoring effort has been organised within the framework of an existing mentoring scheme under the Danish Prison and Probation Service. The project has been carried out as a collaboration between the Danish Prison and Probation Service and the Danish Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration. The Danish Security and Intelligence Service participated in a working group, whose purpose was to ensure the coordination of the effort.  A group of 10 mentors have been trained, and among these, 2 persons have been trained as mentor coaches, who can support and supervise the other mentors throughout the project.  The mentors and mentor coaches have primarily been recruited from the existing mentor corps of the Danish Prison and Probation Service, and from the existing mentoring project “Deradicalisation – targeted intervention”, which is supported by the EU. In the mentorships, the coaches act as supervisors to the mentors. In the recruitment of the mentors it has been emphasised that they have previous experience with mentoring, with the prison service or similar types of efforts. The training of the mentors has been carried out primarily by psychologist Malene Windfeldt and the consultancy firm Navigent. The Danish Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration has provided teaching in subjects related to extremism and radicalisation.

Learning from Back on Track

The aim of the mentoring effort is to contribute to preventing extremist forms of crime among the target group of prison inmates. The experiences gathered from the project have been used in the expansion of the special mentoring scheme within the Danish Prison and Probation Service that is targeted individuals at special risk, especially relating to extremism. It is the overall assessment that individual and specialized interventions such as this type of mentorship scheme for this target group is much needed and of great value, when it is part of a larger and structured scheme of rehabilitation, and when is it established in cooperation with the relevant authorities.