Skip to content

News

How to become a probation officer: education and training in Europe

‘What kind of education do probation officers in Europe need at the start of their career?’ and ‘What kind of extra training do European probation officers need during their career?’ are the main questions CEP wanted to find answers to. That is why a research call was opened for its member. Joep Hanrath, lecturer and researcher at the University of Applied Sciences Utrecht carried out the research. We spoke to him about the project, the outcomes and the possibilities for the future.

This article is about a CEP-funded research project. 

The Dutch Situation

The project caught Joep Harnath’s attention, because he works with this topic daily. “If you offer a bachelor in social work, you need to implement courses about the criminal justice sector as well. Together with organisations like the probation and prison services,  forensic psychiatry as well as mandated youth care, the University of Applied Sciences Utrecht has developed a set of competences for the implementation of courses about the criminal justice sector in social work bachelors. These competences are now integrated in the bachelor curriculum of social work. The students need to have basic knowledge about, for example the work of a probation officer, when they finish their bachelor.” Further development after the bachelor is provided by in-company educational institutions. More experienced forensic social professionals are offered a program to obtain a master degree developed in close cooperation with professionals in the field.

European Probation Education

The scale that was used to measure the level of education in the countries that participated in the research project is the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). “We see that the minimum ISCED level that is asked when probation officers start working for a probation organisation is occasionally 5, but the average level is 6-7. This stands for a professional or academic bachelor and master. It is interesting to see that the level of education for probation officers is almost the same in every participating country.”

Joep Hanrath also found that most of the probation services offer extra training for their probation officers during the course of their career. According to him this is very important for these organisations. “We see that they all offer trainings about more specific topics, like protocols or electronic monitoring. The variety of extra training is very wide.”

In December 2018, a meeting with the participating countries took place in Utrecht. “They indicated that they have difficulties with combining good training programs. We can’t focus only on the trendy topics, like radicalisation. More consistent themes need to form a basis. How do we preserve a good combination?” Hanrath thinks it is ‘reassuring’ that the level of education in Europe for probations officers is the same in almost every country.

Future Networks

According to Joep Hanrath education and training is a very important topic in the probation sector, therefore he hopes that his findings will result in the creation of a network through which probation professionals can share knowledge about their training activities. “It would be wonderful if we could create a sort of ‘marketplace’, where professionals can find each other. What I found through my research is that people find education very important, there is a great need to share and learn from each other.” He was, in a good way, surprised by the fact that the participating probation officers indicated that they find a European network for education and training very important. ‘I absolutely loved that people are so eager learn from each other so badly’.

Joep Hanrath would like to stay involved in possible international networks with the University of Applied Sciences Utrecht. “Europe becomes smaller, students travel to study in another European country all the time. It would be good if they develop a ‘European feeling’ and learn what it is like to work together with people from other countries. In that way, it is easier for them to include these experiences in their work after they finished university.”

Read the research report ‘On becoming a good probation officer’ now!

Related News

Keep up to date with the latest developments, stories, and updates on probation from across Europe and beyond. Find relevant news and insights shaping the field today.

Recap

Electronic monitoring

Recap: CEP Expert Group meeting at ATGV Antalya

12/03/2026

The CEP Expert Group on Electronic Monitoring, along with representatives of the CEP Office led by Mr. Daniel Danglades, CEP Vice-President, visited the Education and Social Facility of the Ministry of Justice in Türkiye – ATGV Antalya. The host country was represented by a high-level delegation, including Deputy Director General Mr. Fatih Güngör, Head of the Turkish Probation Department Dr. Hüseyin Şık, Member of the CEP EM Expert Group Ms. Elçin Kilecioğlu, as well as the Director and representatives of the ATGV facility, and officials from the courts, prosecution, and probation services in Antalya.

Recap

Education and Training

Recap: CEP Expert Network on Education and Training in Probation meets with the European Commission to discuss the EU Judicial Training Strategy

11/03/2026

On 11 March 2026, the CEP Expert Network on Education and Training in Probation met online with more than 20 participants from Belgium, Denmark, Sweeden, France, Romania, Croatia, Catalonia, Poland, United Kingdom and Türkiye to exchange views with the European Commission on the newly adopted EU Judicial Training Strategy 2025–2030.

The meeting provided a valuable opportunity for representatives of probation training institutions across Europe to engage directly with European Commission officials and discuss how the strategy may impact the training of probation and prison staff in the coming years.

Probation Journal

Women, youth

Understanding the needs of girls and young women in youth justice

10/03/2026

New research highlights the underlying needs that influence girls’ and young women’s contact with youth justice systems and calls for more gender responsive approaches in policy and practice. Drawing on a review of recent studies, the authors identify several factors shaping girls’ pathways into the justice system, including persistent abuse, trauma, gendered expectations, and systemic failures. Girls involved in youth justice are often affected by multiple forms of victimisation, such as sexual abuse, neglect, and domestic violence, with experiences frequently beginning in early childhood.

New

CEP Board

Interview with new CEP board member Ian Barrow

09/03/2026

During the General Assembly in Austria, a new CEP Board got elected for the upcoming three years. In the coming weeks we will publish interviews with all newly-elected board members where they will share information on their professional background, how they would like to contribute, what challenges lie ahead and many more.

Enjoy reading!

New

Gender Equality, Gender-based violence

Women’s Day

09/03/2026

Yesterday was International Women’s Day.

At CEP, this day closely reflects our core values and ongoing commitment to promoting gender equality and addressing gender-based violence within the context of probation and community justice.

Directors General Meetings

Online meeting for Directors General and Senior Managers in Probation

05/03/2026

On Wednesday 4 March CEP organized its annual online meeting for Directors General and Senior Managers in Probation. The session offered a comprehensive look into how CEP Expert Groups function and the value they bring across the organization. Participants gained a clearer understanding of how these groups operate, how they support CEP’s strategic priorities, and how colleagues can engage with their work—either as active members or as stakeholders who rely on their outputs.

Subscribe to our bi-monthly email newsletter!