Probation library
What is the societal value of probation?
During the CEP 15th General Assembly and International Conference on Gender-Based Violence in Probation (from 14 to 16 October 2025 in Vienna, Austria), the Dutch research group Modelling Societal Impact received the CEP Probation Research Award for their work on the societal impact of the Dutch probation services. The research has since been completed. There are multiple reports published (in Dutch) and a short videocast with English subtitles. For anyone interested, see below an oversight of the published research and relevant links to the publications and videocast.
This research may help other European countries demonstrate the added value of probation for their national context. If you would like to learn more about this, please contact: a.a.nemeth@saxion.nl (dr.ir. Attila Németh) or a.visser@saxion.nl (Anouk Visser, MSc.)
Saxion research: Every euro spent on probation generates more than two euros in value for society
Research conducted by Saxion University of Applied Sciences and the Dutch Probation Services shows that probation work not only contributes to public safety but also delivers significant societal value.
 Costs and returns of public investments
Society is increasingly demanding that social organizations provide insight into the effectiveness of policies and the costs and benefits of public investments. This also applies to the Dutch probation services. Saxion’s eight-year study therefore, examined not only the direct effects of probation work but also how these translate into societal benefits. The Modeling Societal Impact research group mapped out the societal costs and benefits of probation in the Netherlands using a social cost-benefit analysis (SCBA). This analysis covers the active support—including early intervention, counselling, supervision, community service, behavioral interventions, and placements in forensic care—that the three probation agencies provide to probationers.
 Results
The analysis provides insight into the costs and benefits of probation services. Every euro invested generates a return worth twice as much. It demonstrates that probation work prevents security costs and damage costs, which more than cover the costs of probation. On top of that, there are societal benefits such as: Participation and work: income from work, guidance toward employment, and the enforcement of community service orders; and reduced victimization: less human suffering and lower societal costs. The analysis does not yet include all benefit items, such as the healthcare costs prevented by probation activities. As a result, the value of societal benefits could rise even further.
Published research reports:
- The Societal Value of Probation in the Netherlands: A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Probation Services (NL).
- Probation and Health: The Impact of Probation on the Health of Probationers (NL).
- Probation and Criminal Behavior: An Analysis of the Frequency, Severity, and Types of Criminal Behavior (NL).
- Probation and Preventing Victimization: The Impact of Probation on the Labour Market, Healthcare, Debt, and Quality of Life (NL).
- Involvement and Costs of Probation. An Analysis at the Typology Level (NL).
- The Contribution of Probation Services. A Detailed Analysis for a Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of Probation Services (NL).
- Probation and Livelihood Security: The Impact of Probation on Housing, Employment, and Finances (NL).
- Typology of Probationers. For the Purposes of a Social Cost-Benefit Analysis (NL).
>>Click here to view the videocast subtitled in EnglishÂ
Probation library
Uncategorized
What is the societal value of probation?
04/05/2026
During the CEP 15th General Assembly and International Conference on Gender-Based Violence in Probation (from 14 to 16 October 2025 in Vienna, Austria), the Dutch research group Modelling Societal Impact received the CEP Probation Research Award for their work on the societal impact of the Dutch probation services. The research has since been completed. There are multiple reports published (in Dutch) and a short videocast with English subtitles. For anyone interested, see below an oversight of the published research and relevant links to the publications and videocast.
This research may help other European countries demonstrate the added value of probation for their national context. If you would like to learn more about this, please contact: a.a.nemeth@saxion.nl (dr.ir. Attila Németh) or a.visser@saxion.nl (Anouk Visser, MSc.)
Women, youth
Understanding the needs of girls and young women in youth justice
10/03/2026
New research highlights the underlying needs that influence girls’ and young women’s contact with youth justice systems and calls for more gender responsive approaches in policy and practice. Drawing on a review of recent studies, the authors identify several factors shaping girls’ pathways into the justice system, including persistent abuse, trauma, gendered expectations, and systemic failures. Girls involved in youth justice are often affected by multiple forms of victimisation, such as sexual abuse, neglect, and domestic violence, with experiences frequently beginning in early childhood.
Probation in Europe
The Routledge Handbook of European Penology
05/01/2026
The Routledge Handbook of European Penology, published by Routledge. This comprehensive volume has been edited by Sonja Snacken, Gaëtan Cliquennois, Ioan Durnescu, Diete Humblet and Elena Larrauri.
Criminal Justice
Bridging Research and Practice in Forensic Social Work: An interview with the editors of Forensic Social Work – Supporting Desistance
17/12/2025
Supporting desistance while managing risk is at the heart of criminal justice social work across Europe. In Forensic Social Work – Supporting Desistance, editors Jacqueline Bosker, Anneke Menger and Vivienne de Vogel bring together scientific insights and everyday professional practice to support those working with justice-involved individuals. In this interview, they reflect on the motivation behind the English edition of the book, its core themes, and how professionals can use its tools and approaches in their daily work.
Domestic violence, Gender-based violence
New evaluation on whole family approach to domestic abuse
26/11/2025
Interventions Alliance has published a new evaluation of a Hub coordinated on behalf of police forces in the south of England, focused on tackling violence against women and children through a whole family approach. The Hub supports victims and perpetrators of domestic abuse and works across policing, health and social services.
Probation in Europe
New Release: Forensic Social Work – Supporting Desistance
13/11/2025
This book, Forensic Social Work – Supporting Desistance, has been released by Routledge. It is a practice-oriented resource exploring how forensic social work can support desistance and foster meaningful change in the lives of justice-involved individuals.
Criminal Justice
Parole Futures
18/08/2025
At a time when many parole systems are experiencing considerable strain, the aims of this collection are twofold: first, to encourage systematic and critical reflection on the rationalities, institutions and practices of parole. Second, to think big, and pose ambitious ‘what if’ questions about the possible futures of parole and prison release. Offering novel insights from Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America, this collection builds the case for, and then showcases, a ‘way of doing’ parole research that is global in outlook, interdisciplinary in approach and unapologetically normative in character.
Violent Extremism
2025 EU Guidance document responding to the needs of victims of terorrism
23/06/2025
To mark the EU Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism on 11 March, the EU Centre of Expertise for Victims of Terrorism has published a new Guidance Document on the Needs of Victims. This document is a significant step forward in reinforcing a victim-centred approach within counter-terrorism efforts across the European Union.
Research
Launch of the CEP Research and Development Strategy Summary
17/06/2025
We’re thrilled to announce that the Confederation of European Probation (CEP), in cooperation with the University of Glasgow (led by CEP Honorary Member Professor Fergus McNeill), and with the support of the CEP Expert Group on Research, has produced the CEP Research and Development Strategy. We are happy to share the summary with you!
Alternatives to pre-trial detention
Unpacking criminal detention rules and regulations across the EU
21/05/2025
The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) has updated its online criminal detention database, which includes national standards, laws, and monitoring reports on detention conditions in the EU and the UK.
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